Main Sector of relevance\IRC classification 8. Industrial Manufacturing, Material and Transport Technologies
8.37 Valve electric drive of machine motor-in-wheels
Developers’ contact information
State Scientific Institution “Joint Institute of Mechanical
Engineering of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus”
12, Akademicheskaya Str., Minsk 220072
Tel/fax: +375 (17) 210-07-49; Web-site:
http://oim.by
Vladimir Iosifovich Adashkevich
Tel.: +375 (17) 284-03-65
Summary
“Valve electric drive of machine motor-in-wheels” is a
constructively completed driving of motorized wheel type comprising:
three-phase AC electronic motor with excitation from permanent-magnets
integrated into hub design of motorized wheel according to direct-drive scheme
and special-purpose controller that provides control over AC electronic motor
and implementation of machine traction characteristics. The mode setting
movement of the valve electric drive is carried out from the general electrical
integrated control system of the mobile machine through standard communications
channel or from a free-standing unit. The electric drive with the capacity of
up to 10 kW is designed for use in small-sized various-purpose means of
transport (ecologically safe transport for leisure areas, industrial
inshop-floor travelers, etc.) and as base components of mobile machines of
hybrid type and machine with new power generating systems..
Description
The production of ecologically cleaner and more energy efficient
land-based vehicles is the top-priority task of the leading world automakers.
The automobile companies: General Motors, Toyota, Honda, Daimler-Chrysler, etc.
have conceptual engineering designs or finished models of electrically driven
cars, hybrid cars or cars with alternative power generating systems. One of the
most important components of the above mentioned cars is their mover made in
the form of a motorized wheel with direct electric drive.
The electric drive on the basis of ac electronic motor energized from constant
magnets made from rare-earth metals is advanced drive type for means of
transport, including its usage in motorized wheels. Its application makes it
possible to get high dynamic indexes, good overload capability, wide range of
regulation. This type of engines has the best weight-power ratio in comparison
with other electric motors.
| DC motor |
12,7 kg/kW |
| asynchronous motor |
8,8 kg/kW |
| AC electronic motor |
5,2 kg/kW |
The high-torque characteristics of AC electronic motor make it possible to use
it as a direct drive in motorized wheels.
Upon generation of an electric directly driven valve for motorized wheels of
mobile machines, the following basic objectives have been set:
- The construction design of motorized wheel with inbuilt
3-phase valve eddy current motor is worked out, it was accommodated to the
understructure of small size means of transport;
- The hardware and software components of a special-purpose
controller of electric motorized wheel valve drive is worked out that
carries out modes of motion and traction characteristics of the mobile
machine;
- The techniques of motorized wheel characterization have been
worked out. These techniques of characterization are carried out due to
computer and full-scale modeling at the stages of development and testing
of drives of different capacities and applications. A test stand for
electric motorized wheel drive has been produced.
- Fig. 1-2 show functional parts of the directly-acting
electric drive for motorized wheels of mobile machine.
Fig. 1 – Motorized wheel (tire R13) with electronic AC
motor type RSM-24, 3 kW
It is meant for setting in small-sized means of transport on the understructure
and is equipped with support hook for carrying out of benchmark tests.
Fig. 2. The baseplate of a special-purpose controller of
electric valve drive of a motorized wheel
It is made on the basis of a microprocessor sequencer C8051F3XX produced by
Silicon Laboratories and of application-specific integrated circuits type
IR2214SS - power bridges IGBT drivers. It makes it possible to programmatically
change the control parameters of AC electronic motor.
Table 1 shows global parameters and characteristics of electric valve drive of
a motorized wheel.
Table 1
Parameter or characteristics
(electric RSM 24 motor with convective cooling - special-purpose
controller) |
Value |
| 1. Long-term (rated) rotational moment,
Nm |
97,0 |
| 2. Peak torque, Nm |
260,0 |
| 3. Motor torque at full-load torque (winding
temperature up to 120 &geg;C), A |
16,9 |
| 4. Motor current at peak torque (winding
temperature up to 120 &geg;C), A |
44.0 |
| 5. Maximum rotations per minute, rpm |
550 |
| 6. Nominal power on axle tree, kW |
3,7 |
| 7. DC pull up voltage, V |
310-600 |
| 8. Motor dimensions, mm |
D=240; H=115 |
The calculation of power parameters that are necessary for movement of small
sized transport with the weight of 600 kg at a high speed of 30 km/h shows that
the above mentioned direct valve actuator consisting of two motorized wheels
provides this mode of movement.
Technical and economic benefits:
This engineering design is in the tideway of producing of environmental
responsible and energy efficient land-based vehicles. Powerful rare-earth
magnet production and progress in power electronics provide conditions for wide
use of valve high-torque motors. The drive system of motorized wheel type has a
lot of advantages. Motor in-building in each wheel reduces general power demand
of internal combustion engine of a hybrid mobile machine. This electric drive
provides new possibilities for yaw controls, antispin system, antiskidding
system, etc. Ac electronic motor produces high starting moment already at low
rounds that is why machine running-away performance increases by far.
Present-day developments in the area of power and microprocessor technology
provided conditions for electric valve drive application of a new generation on
the basis of synchronous motors with constant magnets for most various
applications; including mobile machines. Cost parameters for motorized wheels
on electric valve drives are a little higher than for an asynchronous motor
drive with gear system. However, the tendencies of depreciation of rare-earth
magnets and electronic components guarantee high competitive advantages of
directly-operating electric valve drive other types of drives.
Technology type
Technical advantages and economic benefits
—
Technology differentiation and uniqueness
This development is related to modern innovative projects.
Context in which technology was identified
The technology was generally presented at research memorandums
and at conferences held by the Joint Institute of Machine Building of the
National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Some of publications on the project
topic are given below.
- V.V. Zharskiy, I.V. Daynyak, V.I. Adashkevich, I.V.
Temruk, M.A. Arebi. The construction of power turn drive for motorized
wheels// Ingenernyi vestnik – February 2007. – Issue 1(21)/ 5. – pp.
59-62.
- I.V. Daynyak, A.A. Agranovich, D.A. Stepanov, V.I.
Adashkevich, V.V. Zharskiy. Computer model of generalized electrical
machine.// Ingenernyi vestnik – March 2007. – Issue 1(21)/5. – pp.
125-131.
- V.V. Zharskiy, L.G. Krasnevskiy, D.A. Stepanov, I.V.
Temruk., M.A. Arebi. A generalized mathematical model of elementary
synchronous motor. // Ingenernyi vestnik – January 2007. – Issue
1(21)/5. – pp. 136-140.
Total of 21 works was published, among them 2 were published abroad.
Technological keywords
Electric valve drive, motorized wheel, means of transport,
commutatorless motor, controller, mobile machine, control system.
Development Stage
- Applied research
- Prototype
- Results of demonstration test available
Intellectual property rights
- Other:
Preparation of applications for engineering solution on the subject is
carried out.
Range of applications
Motor-and-tractor machine industry.
Classifier Used at the EU Innovation Relay Centres
- Industrial Manufacturing, Material and Transport Technologies
Preferable Regions
Practical experience
Full-scale specimen processing, modeling, experimental research.
Environmental impact
None.
Type of collaboration sought
- Other:
Agreement. Joint production.
Terms and restrictions
No right of exploitation to a third person.
Available technical assistance
- Other:
Finishing of engineering solutions and documentation before prototype
stage.
